The principle of compositionality (often attributed to Frege) states that the meaning of a complex expression ...
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What is a Sequential Query?
A Sequential Query is any query that forms part of a series of related queries within ...
What is the Skip-gram Model?
The skip-gram model is a predictive approach for learning word embeddings. Given a center word, the ...
What is Modality?
In semantics, modality refers to how language expresses possibility, necessity, obligation, ability, or permission. It signals ...
What is Polysemy and Homonymy?
Polysemy occurs when a word has multiple related meanings. For example, “paper” can mean both a ...
BERT and Transformer Models for Search
BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) is trained with a masked language model, enabling it to ...
What Are Knowledge Graph Embeddings (KGEs)?
A knowledge graph represents the world as nodes (entities) and edges (relations). KGEs map each node ...
Zero-shot and Few-shot Query Understanding
What is Zero-shot Query Understanding?Zero-shot query understanding refers to an LLM’s ability to interpret and transform ...
What is Learning-to-Rank (LTR)?
Learning-to-Rank (LTR) is a machine learning approach used in information retrieval and search systems to order ...
What is DPR (and why it mattered)?
DPR is a dual-encoder retriever: one encoder maps the query to a vector; another maps each ...